Research comparisons

Side-by-side comparisons of related research compounds: identity, the research each is studied in, and the certificates on file.

• BPC-157 vs TB-500: structure, mechanism and researchBPC-157 is a synthetic 15-residue peptide taken from a protein in human gastric juice; TB-500 is a name for thymosin β4 or its seven-residue actin-binding fragment. Both have been studied only in cell and animal models, BPC-157 mainly in rat tendon and vascular work, thymosin β4 in actin, wound and cardiac research.
• Semax vs Selank: structure, mechanism and researchSemax and Selank are both synthetic heptapeptides ending in the same Pro-Gly-Pro extension, and both come out of the Institute of Molecular Genetics in Moscow. Semax builds on the ACTH(4-7) fragment and is studied in rat ischaemia and BDNF models; Selank builds on tuftsin and is studied in rodent anxiety-like behaviour and gene-expression models.
• MOTS-c vs SS-31: two mitochondrial peptides comparedMOTS-c is a 16-residue peptide encoded in mitochondrial 12S rRNA, studied in cells and mice for AMPK signalling and nuclear translocation under stress. SS-31 is a synthetic four-residue Szeto-Schiller peptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. SS-31, as elamipretide, has reached human trials; MOTS-c work remains preclinical.